Pluvianus aegyptius (Pluvian fluviatile) (Linné, 1758)

Le pluvian fluviatile ou Pluvianus aegyptius (en latin) est un oiseau appartenant à la race des limicoles trapus. On le reconnait par ses couleurs  grise, blanche, noire au-dessus, un ventre chamois avec une bande pectorale noir. Cet oiseau possède  des pattes courtes, un bec  court, pointu et de couleur noire. Il possède un capuchon, un masque oculaire et un manteau noir. Son vol est rapide et bas. Il vit au bord de l’eau et se nourrit principalement d’insectes, de coquillages et de lézards. C’est une espèce sédentaire. Il faut noter qu’il n’existe aucune différence entre le mâle et la femelle.

L’espèce est de l’ordre des charadriiformes et elle est monotypique. Le Pluvianus aegyptius est le seul représentant de la famille des Pluvianidae. Il existe une relation de symbiose entre le Pluvianus aegyptius et le crocodile. Il joue le rôle de « brosse à dent » chez le crocodile en le débarrassant des restes de sa nourriture. En Côte d’Ivoire il a été aperçu à la volta noire, c’est une espèce assez rare. Selon l’Union Internationale pour la Conservation de la Nature (UICN) l’espèce est de préoccupation mineure. Son cri est « tchirk-tchirk-tchirk ».

Zan Lou Audrey

Ingénieure en biologie de la conservation et de la faune

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